Measles, which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more,was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use ofthe MMR vaccine. But thedisease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement andmisinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles caseshave been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.

麻疹, 曾一度每年导致450名儿童死亡，甚至更多的儿童致残，14年前由于MMR疫苗的普遍使用，在美国几乎被消灭。不过这种疾病正在卷土重来，这是因为不断增长的反疫苗运动和迅速传播的错误信息造成的。今年美国已经报告了115例麻疹病例，而去年全年为189例。

The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.

数字听起来可能很小，但它们代表一种危险趋势。当全国范围内作为一个整体疫苗接种率很高时，每个人才会受到保护。这就是所谓的“群体免疫”，保护那些易受感染的人，包括那些因医疗原因不能接种疫苗的人，年龄太小不能接种疫苗的婴儿，以及那些疫苗不起作用的人。

But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.

但群体免疫只有在几乎整个群体都加入时才起作用。当一些人拒绝接种疫苗并寻求自由乘车时，群体免疫就会崩溃，每个人都会面临更大的风险。

That’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.

从本月报告了22例麻疹病例的加利福尼亚州奥兰治县到去年一名17岁青年引发了一场麻疹疫情的纽约州布鲁克林，全国各地的小社区都是如此。

The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.

对疫苗的反对已经持续了几十年，因为存在真实但非常小的风险。那些拒绝冒险的人让别人承受痛苦，非常自私。

Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption, sometimes just by signing apaper saying they personally object to a vaccine.

更糟糕的是，州法律使得所有进入幼儿园的儿童放弃接种疫苗很容易。17个州允许父母选择放弃, 有时候，只需要签署一份声明，说他们个人反对疫苗。

Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.

现在，有几个州正在加强法律，为退出接种增加新的规定。但没有人采取措施来限制放弃接种。

Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.

父母应该只能因为有限的医疗或宗教原因选择放弃。但是个人意见呢？还不够充分。每个人都享受疫苗提供的拯救生命的好处，但只要每个人都分担风险，疫苗才会存在。

2017年高考英语听力试题「含原文」

　在做英语听力提前，大家可以把题目浏览一遍，对问题有个印象，在听材料是能更快找到答案。为了帮助大家，我整理了一些高考英语听力试题，希望能帮到大家!

　第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)

　做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

　第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?

　A. ?19.15B. ?9.18 C. ?9.15

　答案是C

　1. What does the man mean?

　A. There is something wrong with the printer.

　B. The woman is unable to work the printer.

　C. There is probably a power failure.

　2. How are the prices in the restaurant?

　A. Reasonable. B. High. C. Low.

　3. What is the man?s problem?

　A. He has no patience to wait for his wife.

　B. He can?t see the sign clearly.

　C. He?s parked in the wrong place.

　4. What day is it when the conversation takes place?

　A. Saturday. B. Sunday. C. Monday.

　5. What will Nancy do?

　A. Play volleyball. B. Watch a game. C. Find a player.

　第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的'A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

　听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

　6. What probably is the woman?

　A. A bank clerk. B. A post office clerk. C. A hotel clerk.

　7. How much does the man plan to put in the account today?

　A. $100. B. $200. C.$500.

　听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

　8. Where did the woman stay during her holiday?

　A. In a hotel. B. At a farmhouse. C. At their camp.

　9 .What kind of weather did the woman have during her holiday?

　A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Terrible.

　听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

　10. Why is the man at the shop?

　A. To order a mobile phone for his wife.

　B. To have a mobile phone repaired.

　C. To get a mobile phone changed.

　11. What colour does the man want?

　A. Pink. B. Black. C. Orange.

　12. What will the man do afterwards?

　A. Make a phone call. B. Wait until further notice. C. Come again the next day.

　听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

　13. What?s the woman?s major now?

　A. Hotel management. B. French. C. Computer science.

　14. Why did the woman change her major?

　A. Because she received a four-year academic scholarship.

　B. Because she wanted to find a job more easily later.

　C. Because she wanted to major in French at first.

　15. How does the woman pay for college?

　A. With the money from her parents.

　B. With an academic scholarship.

　C. By doing a part-time job.

　16. What can be learnt about the man?s part-time job?

　A. His fellow workers are friendly, but the pay is bad.

　B. He works three times a week at a campus.

　C. He works at a restaurant and is paid well.

　听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

　17. What?s the purpose of the talk?

　A. Offering some advice on sleeping problems.

　B. Telling people how to exercise.

　C. Stressing physical exercise.

　18. Why is it useless to keep turning around when you can?t sleep?

　A. It increases heart rate. B. It makes you worry. C. It?s tiring.

　19. Which of the following can cause sleeplessness?

　A. Eating cheese before you go to bed.

　B. Lack of sleep on weekends.

　C. Too much exercise in the evening.

　20. What can we learn about sleeping pills?

　A. They work well. B. They worsen sleeping. C. They help relax.

　听力原文

　Text1.

　W: The printer won?t work. Is there something wrong with it?

　M: I don?t see how the printer can fail.

　W: Neither do I.

　M: Maybe the power is cut off.

　Text2

　M: How was the restaurant where you ate last night?

　W: The food was quite good, but the prices were shocking.

　M: I know. It?s difficult to find a restaurant that has both good food and reasonable prices.

　Text3.

　W: Sir, did you see the ?No Parking? sign ?

　M: I won?t be here long. My wife will finish shopping in five minutes.

　W: Sorry, sir. Not even for one minute! You?ll get fined if you don?t go!

　Text4.

　M: I won?t have anything to wear for the interview on Monday unless I pick up my clothes at the dry cleaners?.

　W: Then you?d better hurry. It closes at noon on Sundays.

　M: Oh! I should have gone there on Saturday.

　Text5.

　M: Nancy , you see those girls over there? They need another player for a volleyball game. Would you like to join them?

　W: Seems like it?s a game for fun. Sure, I?ll be there soon.

　Text6.

　W: Can I help you ?

　M: Yes. I would like to open an account, please.

　W: What sort of account do you have in mind?

　M: I?m not sure. Perhaps you can give me some suggestions.

　W:How much money do you plan to keep in your account on a regular basis?

　M: I don?t have much money. I earn $500 a month and that covers all my expenses.

　W: Oh, I see. You can open a current account, so that you can pay your bills.

　M: Can you tell me what steps are involved?

　W: Please fill out this form and let me see your ID card.

　M: Here you are.

　W: Yes, it?s OK. How much cash do you plan to deposit in your account today?

　M: $200.

　Text7.

　M: Morning, Sue. Did you enjoy your holiday in the country?

　W: Yes, thanks. We had a great time. And some friends went with us.

　M: Where did you stay? In a hotel?

　W: No. We camped in the mountains, near Snowdon. We cooked all our meals over an open fire.

　M: Sounds wonderful. Was the weather good?

　W: The sun shone nearly every day and it didn?t rain at all.

　M: Did you like the people there?

　W: Yes, they were great. We met some farmers and had tea in their houses. What about you? Did you have a good holiday?

　M: Yes, but I didn?t do much. I just stayed at home. The weather was terrible.

　Text8.

　W: Can I help you?

　M: Yes. My daughter bought this mobile phone here for my wife?s birthday. But it doesn?t work. So I?d like to change it for another one.

　W: I see. Let me have a look. Well, we?ll be happy to change it for you. But I am afraid we don?t have another pink one.

　M: Oh? What will I do then?

　W: Would you like to choose a different color? We do have this mobile phone in black and orange.

　M: My wife doesn?t like either of those colors.

　W: If you want, we can order another mobile phone just like this one. There wouldn?t be any extra charge for it.

　M: That sounds fine. Would you please go ahead and do that?

　W: We?d be very happy to but it?ll take at least a week. Maybe ten days. We?ll call you when it comes in.

　M: Thank you very much.

　W: You are welcome.

　Text 9.

　W: Allen, What?s your major anyway?

　M: Hotel management.

　W: Well, what do you want to do after you graduate?

　M: Uh? I haven?t decided for sure, but I think I?d like to work for a hotel or travel agency in this area. How about you?

　W: Well, when I first started college, I wanted to major in French, but I realized I might have a hard time finding a job using the language, so I changed to computer science. With the right skills, landing a job in the computer industry shouldn?t be as difficult.

　M: So do you have a part-time job to support yourself through school?

　W: Well, fortunately for me, I received a four-year academic scholarship that pays for all of my tuition and books.

　M: Wow, that?s great.

　W: Yeah. How about you? Are you working your way through school?

　M: yeah . I work as a waiter three times a week at a restaurant near campus.

　W: How do you like your job?

　M: It?s ok. The other workers are friendly, and the pay isn?t bad.

　Text 10

　W: Do you have trouble sleeping at night? Then maybe this is for you. When you worry about getting to sleep and keep tossing and turning around, trying to find a comfortable position, you?re probably only making matters worse. What happens when you do that is that your heart rate actually increases, making it more difficult to relax.

　You may also have some bad habits that contribute to the problem. Do you often rest during the day? Do you get very little exercise, or do you exercise a lot late in the day? Have you already got enough sleep, or do you sleep late on weekends? Any or all of these might be leading to your sleeplessness influencing your body?s natural clock. What should you do, then, on those sleepless nights? Don?t bother with sleeping pills. They can actually make it worse later. The best thing to do is to drink milk or eat cheese. These are all rich in a kind of acid and help produce a chemical in the brain that controls sleep. That will help you relax, and you?ll be on your way to getting a good night?s sleep. Until tomorrow?s broadcast, this has been another in the series Tips for Good Health.

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