阅读是外语学习者获取语言知识和提高语言能力的主要途径,阅读理 解能力是衡量学习者外语水平的重要指标。一起做一下阅读理解训练吧。下面是我为大家推荐的2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结,仅供大家参考!
2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结一
I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn?t understand. So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.
Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (负责任) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.
Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girl?s test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that I hadn?t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a favor by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued to believe that I had cheated on the test.
1. The story took place exactly ____ .
A. in the teacher?s office B. in an exam room
C. in the school D. in the language lab
2. The girl wanted to borrow a pen, because ____ .
A. she had not brought a pen with her B. she had lost her own on her way to school
C. there was something wrong with her wn D. her own had been taken away by someone
3. The teacher saw all this, so she asked the boy ____ .
A. to go on writing his paper B. to stop whispering
C. to leave the room immediately D. to stay behind after the exam
4. The thing(s) emphasized in her talk was(were) ____ .
A. honesty B. sense of duty C. seriousness D. all of the above
5. The boy knew everything ____ .
A. the moment he was asked to stay behind B. when the teacher started talking about honesty
C. only some time later D. when he was walking out of the room
I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn?t understand. So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.
我发现一个时间,做一个人能给你带来很多麻烦。当时我在第八年级,我们有一个最后的考验。在测试期间,坐在我旁边的女孩低声说了些什么,但我不明白。我倚在她的方式,发现她想问我是否有额外的笔。她发现她是我的墨水用完,不会写。我碰巧有一个额外的,所以我把它从我的口袋里,放在她的办公桌上。
Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (负责任) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.
后来,已经变成了试卷,老师让我呆在房间里时,所有其他的学生被开除。当我们单独在一起,她开始跟我谈什么是成长;她说,站在自己的两只脚,并负责是多么重要(负责任)为自己的行为。很长一段时间,她谈到诚实,并强调这一事实,当人们做一些不诚实的,他们真的欺骗自己。她让我保证,我会认真考虑所有的事情她说,然后她告诉我我可以离开。我走出房间问她为什么选择了跟我说所有这些事情。
Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girl?s test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that I hadn?t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a favor by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued to believe that I had cheated on the test.
后来,我发现她认为我在考试中作弊了。当她看到我瘦了跟我旁边的女孩,好像我是从复制的女孩的试卷答案。我试图解释的笔,但她可以说是它似乎非常奇怪,她说我还没有谈到任何关于笔的一天,她跟我就在考试后。即使我试图解释说我只是做女孩的忙,让她用我的笔,我相信她仍然认为,我在考试中作弊了。
2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结二
To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.
Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he does not sit still before his class: he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness, the quality (音色) and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about.
The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn?t mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher?s work and the actor?s. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand (预先). What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage.
A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don?t understand something, they say so. The teacher therefore has to meet the needs of his audience, which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along.
I have known many teachers who were fine actors in class but were unable to take part in a stage-play because they could not keep strictly to what another had written.
1. What is the text about ?
A. How to become a good teacher.
B. What a good teacher should do outside the classroom.
C. What teachers and actors could learn from each other.
D. The similarities(相似处) and differences between a teacher?s work and an actor?s.
2. The word ?audience? in the fourth paragraph means ____ .
A. students B. people who watch a play
C. people who not on the stage D. people who listen to something
3. A good teacher ____ .
A. knows how to hold the interest of his students B. must have a good voice
C. knows how to act on the stage D. stands or sits still while teaching
4. In what way is a teacher?s work different from an actor?s ?
A. The teacher must learn everything by heart .
B. He knows how to control his voice better than an actor .
C. He has to deal with unexpected situations .
D. He has to use more facial expressions .
5. The main difference between students in class and a theatre audience is that ____.
A. students can move around in the classroom
B. students must keep silent while theatre audience needn?t
C. no memory work is needed for the students
D. the students must take part in their teachers? plays
6. Why is it that some good teachers are unable to play well on the stage ?
A. Nobody has taught them how to act on the stage .
B. Their audiences are different .
C. It is impossible for them to do so much memory work .
D. They are not used to repeating exactly the same words .
7. Which of the following is true ?
A. Teachers have to learn by heart what they are going to say in class .
B. A teacher cannot decide beforehand what exactly he is going to say in class .
C. A teacher must speak louder than an actor .
D. A teacher must have a better memory than an actor .
To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.
要成为一个好老师,你需要一些好演员的天赋;你必须能够抓住观众的注意力和兴趣;你必须是一个明确的扬声器,具有良好的,强有力的,悦耳的声音完全在你的控制之下;你必须能够按照你的教学,以明确其含义。
Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he does not sit still before his class: he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness, the quality (音色) and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about.
看一个好老师,你会看到,他不坐他的课前,他代表整个时间他是教学;他走,用他的胳膊,手和手指来帮助他解释,他的脸表达感情。听他的,你会听到声音,质量(音色)和音乐注意到他的声音总是按照他所说的。
The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn?t mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher?s work and the actor?s. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand (预先). What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage.
事实上,一个好老师有一些好演员并不意味着礼物,他一定能够在舞台上表演好,有教师和演员的工作的。他说的话他熟记于心的很重要的差别;他必须准确地重复同样的话每次他扮演某个角色,甚至他的动作,他用自己的发音方式都是事先确定的(预先)。他所要做的是让这些用心学习的言语和行动似乎自然的舞台上。
A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don?t understand something, they say so. The teacher therefore has to meet the needs of his audience, which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along.
一个好老师的工作相当不同的方式。他的听众积极参与他的表演:他们提问和回答问题,他们服从命令,如果他们不理解的东西,他们这么说。老师必须满足听众的需要,这是他的学生。他不能了解他的心,但必须把它作为他走。
I have known many teachers who were fine actors in class but were unable to take part in a stage-play because they could not keep strictly to what another had written.
我知道有许多老师在课堂上是优秀的演员却不能在舞台上扮演角色,因为他们不能严格按照别人所写的。
2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结三
The Doctor?s Call
There was ice on the road, and the doctor?s car hit a tree and turned over three times. To his surprise, he was not hurt. He got out of the car and walked to the nearest house. He wanted to telephone the garage (汽车修理站) for help. The door was opened by one of his patients.
?Oh, Doctor.? she said, ?I have only just telephoned you. You must have a very fast car. You have got here very quickly indeed. There has been a very bad accident (事故) in the road outside. I saw it through the window. I am sure the driver will need your help.?
1. Where was the doctor going in his car?
A. We don?t know. B. To a patient?s home.
C. To a garage. D. To his own home.
2. Which of the following was the cause of the accident?
A. Careless driving. B. A tree had fallen across the road.
C. A slippery (滑) road. D. There was a thick fog.
3. The doctor went to the house because
A. he knew one of his patients lived there.
B. he had received a call to go there.
C he wanted to use the telephone.
D. he was injured (受伤) and could walk no further.
4. Why did the woman patient telephone the doctor?
A. She needed medical treatment.
B. She believed somebody else needed a doctor.
C. To ask how quickly the doctor could come.
D. To ask whether the doctor was coming on his regular visit.
5. How did the woman feel on opening the door and seeing the doctor?
A. She had been expecting the doctor, but was surprised that he had come so quickly.
B. She had not expected the doctor and wondered why he had come.
C. She felt glad that the doctor was not hurt in the accident.
D. She was alarmed (惊慌) at seeing the doctor in a bad state after the accident.
6. Which of the following is the most likely reply the doctor gave the woman patient at the end
of the story?
A. ?Yes, he does need help-your help, not mine.?
B. ?Another accident? I?ve just had an accident myself!?
C. ?I got your call and rushed over. I hope I?m not too late.
D. ?I didn?t get your call. But I?m here and hope I can help.?
路上有冰,和医生的车撞上一棵树,翻了三倍。让他吃惊的是,他没有受伤。他下了车,走到最近的房子。他想打电话车库(汽车修理站)帮助。门被他的一个病人开。
?哦,医生。?她说,?我刚刚给你打电话。你必须有一个非常快的车。你有在这里的确很快。有一个非常坏的事故(事故)在道路以外。我透过窗户看见它。我相信司机会需要你的帮助。?
地理高考命题的变化,直接关系到教育目的、人才素质的高低、教师的教学方法和教学思想等等。下面是我为你整理关于2017北京地理高考题的内容,希望大家喜欢!
2017北京地理高考题
2017年中央一号文件侧重于农业供给侧改革,重点是减少库存、降低运营成本、改善最薄弱的连结。当前,我国粮食供求总量平衡,但结构性矛盾日益突出,进口大豆增加导致大豆种植面积下降。受国内消费需求增长放缓、替代产品进口冲击等因素影响,当前玉米供大于求,库存大幅增加,种植效益降低。 ?镰刀弯?地区是玉米结构调整的重点地区。据此完成1-3题。
(原创,容易)1.下列分布区与?镰刀弯?地区大致一致的是
A.荒漠化地区 B.水土流失地区
C.第二级阶梯 D.黑土分布地区
(原创,中档)2.我国玉米播种面积居高不下,与其原因不符的是
A.大豆播种面积减少 B.饲料加工需求量大
C.政府玉米补贴政策 D.玉米出口数量增加
(原创,中档)3.玉米供给侧改革方向正确的是
A.加大粮食储备 B.提高收购价格
C.调整产品结构 D.增加出口数量
断崖式下跌?塌陷?失速2014年以来,媒体纷纷用这样的词汇描述东北经济。2016年4月,中共中央、国务院出台了《关于全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地的若干意见》,着力解决市场化程度不高,国有企业活力不足,民营经济发展不充分,科技与经济发展融合不够,思想观念不够解放等矛盾和问题。据此完成4-5题。
(原创,容易)4.东北经济出现?断崖式下跌?的根本原因是
A.产业结构单一 B.能源资源枯竭
C.新技术革命的冲击 D.劳动力短缺
(原创,中档)5. 国家给东北提出了科技投入的要求,这说明东北要发展,必须
海南三亚的城市定位是国际化热带滨海旅游精品城市,构建?一支柱两支撑?的产业发展格局,?一支柱?就是以旅游为龙头的现代服务业;?两支撑?是指新兴科技产业和热带特色高效农业。2017年,海南三亚致力于建设?人才海绵城市?助推?候鸟型?城市发展,即吸引全国?冬来夏返?到海南休养的专家资源,参与到产业发展和城市建设中来。据此完成6-8题。
(原创,容易)6.海南吸引全国专家资源来休养的条件是
A.山地丘陵多,垂直地域分异明显 B.文昌卫星发射基地建设,环境条件改善
C.冬半年气候温和,风景怡人 D.海运便利,离南沙群岛近
(原创,中档)7.最能留住?候鸟?专家的城市功能区是
A.综合型的中心商务区 B.安居型的住宅区
C.创意型的高新技术产业园区 D.海绵型的旅游区
原创,容易)8.充分利用?候鸟?专家资源,可以
A.提高中心商务区的的地租水平 B.促进产业结构调整升级
C.完善交通等基础设施建设 D.引导工业向旅游区扩展
在春花烂漫的清晨,晨练的王先生在小区中心花坛(118?E)透过栅栏拍摄到了旭日正东升起的照片,花坛的中心是一个赤道日晷(晷针上端指向北极星附近,冬半年观测底面晷针日影,夏半年观察顶面的晷针日影),日晷面与地平面的夹角为52?。据此完成9-11题。
(原创,中档)9.栅栏的走向是
A. 南北走向 B.西北?东南走向 C.东北?西南走向 D.东西走向
(原创,难题)10.该地当天
A.正午时北京时间为12点 B.正午太阳光线与日晷面平行
C.晷针的影子顺时针划过日晷面 D.正午太阳高度为38?
(原创,难题)11.再过15天,节气可能为
A.惊蛰 B.白露 C.清明 D.寒露
原创,中档)36.阅读图文材料,完成下列要求。(24分)
红树林是指热带、亚热带潮间带的,以红树林植物为主的木本植物群落,是适应陆地与海洋过度的一种特殊的森林类型,素有?海上森林?、?水上绿洲?、?海岸卫士?、?鸟的天堂?之称,它与不断变化的环境因子组成复杂的生态系统。红树林通常生长在港湾河口地区的淤泥滩涂上,是海滩上特有的植被类型。红树林生态系统处于海洋与陆地的动态交界面,周期性受海水浸泡的潮间带环境,使其在结构与功能上具有既不同于陆地生态系统也不同于海洋生态系统的特性,作为独特的海陆边缘生态系统在自然生态平衡中起着特殊的作用。除了生态功能外,在建筑、化工、医药、观赏、资源开发等领域,红树林产业化进程促进了区域经济的发展。红树林在我国主要分布于海南、广西、广东、福建、台湾、香港、澳门,浙江也有少量分布。
(1)分析南半球大
陆东西两岸红树林分布的异同,并说明原因。(12分)
(2)说明红树林有?海岸卫士?之称的理由。(6分)
(3)简要分析红树林产业化对区域经济发展的有利影响。(6分)
(原创,中档)37. 读下列图和材料,完成下列问题。(22分)
材料一下图是华北地区地形图和京津冀地区一体规划图。
材料二2015年2月26日,是京津冀协同发展战略1周年。实现京津冀地区城际交通一体化;京津冀区域PM2.5年均浓度同比下降12%;在产业上北京以外迁为标志,与河北、天津签署了科技、市场等多项区域的合作协议。
材料三京津冀功能定位和协作关系图
(1)推断京津冀地区雾霾多发的季节,并分析该地地形对雾霾天气的不利影响。(8分)
(2)分析京津冀地区一体化规划对该地区工业发展的有利影响。(8分)
(3)请在下面两个问题中,选择其中一个问题作答。如果多做,则按所做的第一个问题计分。(6分)
问题①:分析京津冀三者的协作关系。
问题②:说明天津作为加工型区域的条件。
分)
(原创,中档)旅游地理
42.2017年3月7日,中央电视台中文国际频道CCTV-4《走遍中国》栏目推出十集专题片《小康路上》,第二集《山村巨变》以沂蒙革命老区临沂沂南县常山庄村红色旅游扶贫为主线,全面讲述沂南县依托旅游产业带动群众脱贫致富的生动案例。沂南县依托常山庄村建设了沂蒙影视基地、红嫂纪念馆,利用竹泉村古村落建设4A级旅游景区,依托温泉资源建设了智圣汤泉旅游度假区等等,各景区由便利的公路连接。农民当起了群众演员和特约演员,或在景区销售土特产和手工艺品,或成了景区的服务人员,或办起了民宿、特色小吃、农家乐,当地居民年收入由几千元提高到几万元,家家户户住上了二层楼。
分析旅游业对沂南县社会发展的作用。(10分)
43.白暨豚是中国特有的淡水鲸类,生活于长江中下游,有?长江女神?之美誉。食性以鱼为主,食量很大,一般摄食量占体重的10%-12%。雌性6龄、雄性4龄可达性成熟,母豚两年繁殖一次,每胎一仔,偶有双胞胎,自然繁殖率很低。二十世纪50年代,长江尚有较大群体,但此后,白暨豚种群数量锐减,20世纪80年代初有400多头,2002年已不足50头。2007年8月8日,《皇家协会生物年笺》期刊发表报告,正式公布白暨豚功能性灭绝。
分析白暨豚功能性灭绝的原因。(10分)
2017北京地理高考题答案
2017年中央一号文件侧重于农业供给侧改革,重点是减少库存、降低运营成本、改善最薄弱的连结。当前,我国粮食供求总量平衡,但结构性矛盾日益突出,进口大豆增加导致大豆种植面积下降。受国内消费需求增长放缓、替代产品进口冲击等因素影响,当前玉米供大于求,库存大幅增加,种植效益降低。 ?镰刀弯?地区是玉米结构调整的重点地区。据此完成1-3题。
(原创,容易)1.下列分布区与?镰刀弯?地区大致一致的是
A.荒漠化地区 B.水土流失地区
C.第二级阶梯 D.黑土分布地区
答案B
解析?镰刀弯?地区主要分布在东北、西北、西南地区。东北不是主要的荒漠化地区,分布在第二三级阶梯,主要覆盖了黑土、黄土和红壤等分布地区。而与水土流失地区大致一致。
考点中国区域分布
(原创,中档)2.我国玉米播种面积居高不下,与其原因不符的是
A.大豆播种面积减少 B.饲料加工需求量大
C.政府玉米补贴政策 D.玉米出口数量增加
答案D
解析进口大豆增加导致大豆种植面积下降,从而会增加玉米的种植。玉米是饲料的主要原料。政府为了保持农民种植玉米的积极性,提高玉米收购价格。而中国玉米成本高于国际,不利于出口。
考点影响农业生产的因素
(原创,中档)3.玉米供给侧改革方向正确的是
A.加大粮食储备 B.提高收购价格
C.调整产品结构 D.增加出口数量
答案C
解析玉米产能过剩,需要去库存,减少种植面积。加大粮食储备、提高收购价格、增加出口只能促进玉米种植的积极性,不利于改革。需要调整产品结构,减少玉米种植。
考点中国粮食问题
?断崖式下跌?塌陷?失速2014年以来,媒体纷纷用这样的词汇描述东北经济。2016年4月,中共中央、国务院出台了《关于全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地的若干意见》,着力解决市场化程度不高,国有企业活力不足,民营经济发展不充分,科技与经济发展融合不够,思想观念不够解放等矛盾和问题。据此完成4-5题。
(原创,容易)4.东北经济出现?断崖式下跌?的根本原因是
A.产业结构单一 B.能源资源枯竭
C.新技术革命的冲击 D.劳动力短缺
答案A
解析以钢铁工业为主导的重工业是东北经济的支柱产业,产业结构单一,在产能过剩的背景下,东北经济出现?断崖式下跌?。
考点影响工业的因素
(原创,中档)5. 国家给东北提出了科技投入的要求,这说明东北要发展,必须
A.引进国外先进技术,加强合资生产
B.走技术密集型和资金密集型发展路子
C.生产特种钢,加强与上海宝钢的竞争
D.关停传统工业,发展新兴产业
答案B
解析科技创新是东北产业转型的原动力和突破点,工业必须由资源密集型向技术密集型和资金密集型转变。科技投入的关键是创新,而不是引进。应该加强与宝钢的合作而非竞争。关停传统产业的做法太绝对。
考点工业区位选择
海南三亚的城市定位是国际化热带滨海旅游精品城市,构建?一支柱两支撑?的产业发展格局,?一支柱?就是以旅游为龙头的现代服务业;?两支撑?是指新兴科技产业和热带特色高效农业。2017年,海南三亚致力于建设?人才海绵城市?助推?候鸟型?城市发展,即吸引全国?冬来夏返?到海南休养的专家资源,参与到产业发展和城市建设中来。据此完成6-8题。
(原创,容易)6.海南吸引全国专家资源来休养的条件是
A.山地丘陵多,垂直地域分异明显 B.文昌卫星发射基地建设,环境条件改善
C.冬半年气候温和,风景怡人 D.海运便利,离南沙群岛近
答案C
解析题干中提到全国专家资源到海南休养的时间是?冬来夏返?,主要是因为冬半年气候温和,风景怡人。
考点影响人口迁移的因素
(原创,中档)7.最能留住?候鸟?专家的城市功能区是
A.综合型的中心商务区 B.安居型的住宅区
C.创意型的高新技术产业园区 D.海绵型的旅游区
答案B
解析?冬来夏返?到海南休养的专家,需要的是一个安定的休养环境,安居才能乐业,所以安居型的住宅区最能留住?候鸟?专家。
考点城市功能分区
(原创,容易)8.充分利用?候鸟?专家资源,可以
A.提高中心商务区的的地租水平 B.促进产业结构调整升级
C.完善交通等基础设施建设 D.引导工业向旅游区扩展
答案B
解析借助?候鸟?专家资源,主要是发展新兴科技产业和现代服务业,利于促进产业结构调整升级。对中心商务区的地租水平和交通等基础设施建设影响不大。以旅游为龙头的现代服务业,不是将工业向旅游区扩展。
考点人口迁移的影响
在春花烂漫的清晨,晨练的王先生在小区中心花坛(118?E)透过栅栏拍摄到了旭日正东升起的照片,花坛的中心是一个赤道日晷(晷针上端指向北极星附近,冬半年观测底面晷针日影,夏半年观察顶面的晷针日影),日晷面与地平面的夹角为52?。据此完成9-11题。
(原创,中档)9.栅栏的走向是
A. 南北走向 B.西北?东南走向 C.东北?西南走向 D.东西走向
答案B
解析根据题干信息可知,楼房为东西走向,从而栅栏为西北-东南走向。
考点方向的判断
(原创,难题)10.该地当天
A.正午时北京时间为12点 B.正午太阳光线与日晷面平行
C.晷针的影子顺时针划过日晷面 D.正午太阳高度为38?
答案B
解析该地为118?E,正午时北京时间为12:08。从春花烂漫和旭日正东升起来推断,此时为春分,太阳直射赤道,正午太阳光线与日晷面平行。上下面的晷针影子同时存在,分别为顺时针和逆时针划过日晷面。该地当天的正午太阳高度应该为52?,因为由日晷晷针指向北极星附近和日晷面与地平面的夹角为52?,可以推断,该地纬度为38?,此时为春分,太阳直射赤道,且太阳光线和日晷面平行,所以该地当天正午太阳高度即为日晷面与地平面的夹角。
考点地球运动的地理意义
(原创,难题)11.再过15天,节气可能为
A.惊蛰 B.白露 C.清明 D.寒露
答案C
解析该地当天为春分日,15天后,应该为清明节。
考点地球运动的地理意义
(原创,中档)36.阅读图文材料,完成下列要求。(24分)
红树林是指热带、亚热带潮间带的,以红树林植物为主的木本植物群落,是适应陆地与海洋过度的一种特殊的森林类型,素有?海上森林?、?水上绿洲?、?海岸卫士?、?鸟的天堂?之称,它与不断变化的环境因子组成复杂的生态系统。红树林通常生长在港湾河口地区的淤泥滩涂上,是海滩上特有的植被类型。红树林生态系统处于海洋与陆地的动态交界面,周期性受海水浸泡的潮间带环境,使其在结构与功能上具有既不同于陆地生态系统也不同于海洋生态系统的特性,作为独特的海陆边缘生态系统在自然生态平衡中起着特殊的作用。除了生态功能外,在建筑、化工、医药、观赏、资源开发等领域,红树林产业化进程促进了区域经济的发展。红树林在我国主要分布于海南、广西、广东、福建、台湾、香港、澳门,浙江也有少量分布。
(1)分析南半球大陆东西两岸红树林分布的异同,并说明原因。(12分)
(2)说明红树林有?海岸卫士?之称的理由。(6分)
(3)简要分析红树林产业化对区域经济发展的有利影响。(6分)
答案:(1)相同点:东西两岸均有红树林分布。原因是纬度低,气温高。不同点:西岸红树林分布的纬度低,东岸分布的纬度高,且在南回归线以南也有分布。原因是西岸受寒流影响,气温低;盛行离岸风(或东南信风由陆地吹向海洋),降水少。东岸有暖流流经,气温高;盛行向岸风(东南信风从海洋吹向陆地),降水多。(12分)
(2)红树林能减轻台风对海岸的影响;减轻海浪对海岸的侵蚀;减弱海水流动速度,增强泥沙淤积,保护海岸;是海洋生物的繁殖场所,利于保护沿海生物资源;利于净化沿海污染物,降低赤潮发生的几率。(答三点即可得6分)
(3)树干为建筑、造船提供木材;枝叶为工业提供化工原料;为制药厂提供药物原料;为旅游提供游览景观和盆景制作苗木(工艺材料);丰富生物多样性等。(答三点即可得6分)
(原创,中档)37. 读下列图和材料,完成下列问题。(22分)
材料一下图是华北地区地形图和京津冀地区一体规划图。
材料二2015年2月26日,是京津冀协同发展战略1周年。实现京津冀地区城际交通一体化;京津冀区域PM2.5年均浓度同比下降12%;在产业上北京以外迁为标志,与河北、天津签署了科技、市场等多项区域的合作协议。
材料三京津冀功能定位和协作关系图
(1)推断京津冀地区雾霾多发的季节,并分析该地地形对雾霾天气的不利影响。(8分)
(2)分析京津冀地区一体化规划对该地区工业发展的有利影响。(8分)
(3)请在下面两个问题中,选择其中一个问题作答。如果多做,则按所做的第一个问题计分。(6分)
问题①:分析京津冀三者的协作关系。
问题②:说明天津作为加工型区域的条件。
答案(1)冬季(2分)西部、北部山脉阻挡了冬季风,减小了风对雾霾的扩散作用。山地、平原、城市和海陆地理环境,在京津冀地区静稳天气条件下形成的?三圈环流?(由于山区与平原的热力差异、城市与郊区热力差异、海面与陆面的热力差异形成的山谷风环流、城市热岛环流、海陆风环流)的耦合效应,不利于污染物的扩散。东部和南部地势平坦,偏东风容易将污染物吹送到京津冀地区,北部和西部的山地阻挡,不利于污染物扩散。(6分)
(2)①交通一体化,物流成本将有所降低,有利于提高经济效益;②多项区域合作,有利于京津冀地区工业的共同发展,在竞争中处于不败之地;③北京企业的外迁,有利于产业结构的调整和升级;④北京产业的调整,有利于减轻大气污染,改善环境质量; ⑤生态环境的改善,有利于华北地区高精尖新产业的发展等。(8分,答出4点即可得8分)
(3)问题①:北京为河北提供技术和产业转移,促进河北产业升级;河北为北京提供资源、劳动力和初级产品及农副产品。北京为天津提供技术和产业转移,带动天津高端制造业的发展;天津为北京提供工业最终产品与高技术产品。河北为天津提供资源劳动力及非农产品;天津为河北提供产业转移及技术,带动河北产业升级。(6分)
问题②:靠近河北,初级产品和零部件供应充足;靠近北京,可以获得北京的技术支持;靠近天津港,对外交通便利,利于产品的运输;靠近北京和河北,消费市场广阔。(6分,答出三点即可得6分)
(原创,中档)旅游地理
42.2017年3月7日,中央电视台中文国际频道CCTV-4《走遍中国》栏目推出十集专题片《小康路上》,第二集《山村巨变》以沂蒙革命老区临沂沂南县常山庄村红色旅游扶贫为主线,全面讲述沂南县依托旅游产业带动群众脱贫致富的生动案例。沂南县依托常山庄村建设了沂蒙影视基地、红嫂纪念馆,利用竹泉村古村落建设4A级旅游景区,依托温泉资源建设了智圣汤泉旅游度假区等等,各景区由便利的公路连接。农民当起了群众演员和特约演员,或在景区销售土特产和手工艺品,或成了景区的服务人员,或办起了民宿、特色小吃、农家乐,当地居民年收入由几千元提高到几万元,家家户户住上了二层楼。
分析旅游业对沂南县社会发展的作用。(10分)
答案增加经济收入,缩小地区差异;带动相关产业的发展,促进产业结构优化;促进传统文化的保护;增加就业机会,促进社会稳定;促进社区建设,改善生活环境;扩大对外开放,提高文明程度。(答出5点即可得10分)
(原创,中档)环境保护
43.白暨豚是中国特有的淡水鲸类,生活于长江中下游,有?长江女神?之美誉。食性以鱼为主,食量很大,一般摄食量占体重的10%-12%。雌性6龄、雄性4龄可达性成熟,母豚两年繁殖一次,每胎一仔,偶有双胞胎,自然繁殖率很低。二十世纪50年代,长江尚有较大群体,但此后,白暨豚种群数量锐减,20世纪80年代初有400多头,2002年已不足50头。2007年8月8日,《皇家协会生物年笺》期刊发表报告,正式公布白暨豚功能性灭绝。
2017高考成语题及答案
1.下列各句中画线的成语,使用不恰当的一项是
A.在一个风和日丽的下午,高等科楼上大教堂里坐满了听众,随后走进了一位短小精悍秃头顶宽下巴的人物。
B.一看到玻璃窗内成堆的头发和婴儿的鞋子,一看到用以关押被判处绞刑的死囚的牢房时,他们就不由自主地停下脚步,浑身发抖。
C.上午9时整,随着一声惊世骇俗的巨响,巨型运载火箭喷射出一团橘红色的烈焰,托举着载人飞船拔地而起,直刺九霄?
D.罚工钱就是减少他们的利润,停生意不仅不能赚钱,还要贴她二粥一饭,于是带工头不假思索地就爱上了殴打这办法。
2.下列各句中,加点的成语使用恰当的一句是( )
A.在要不要改革开放的大是大非面前,大家能够见仁见智,达成共识,说明我们这个集体是非常团结的。
B.农科小组的同志们为改造黄河故道盐碱地,筚路蓝缕,舍家忘我,一干就是五年,终于取得了突破性成果。
C.最近,那位 足球 明星在场上情绪低落,心不在焉,传球和防守都差强人意,真是令人失望。
D.现有产品的条形码很容易被仿造,且让消费者很难识别。最近,科学家们发明出一种DNA产品条码,有了它,造假者只能望其项背
3.下列各句中加点的成语使用恰当的一项是( )
A.新疆青河县奇特的自然景观和神秘的草原 文化 引起了人们极大的关注,每年夏天,前往游览观光的中外客人及考古探密的学者不绝如缕。
B.波及全国大部分地区、涉及?三鹿?等多家知名品牌的毒奶粉事件,其后果和影响耸人听闻。
C.虽然有数百篇小小说佳作被选入多种珍藏版,并进入 语文教材 ,但真正可能被写进文学史的却实属凤毛麟角。
D.随着社会经济的进一步发展,安土重迁的观念越来越深入人心,即使富庶地区的人们也乐意告别家乡,外出闯荡一番
4.选出成语使用不正确的一项(3分)( )
A.有人把那些只读书而不假思索的人称为?书橱?,也有人称这种人为?书虫?、?书迷?书呆子?。
B.鲁迅先生是小说家,更是个优秀的杂文家,他的杂文篇篇短小精悍,字字是匕首投枪。
C.哪知都督传见他后,东问西问绕了好大的一个圈儿,后来图穷匕见,道出本意。
D.青年时代的毛泽东创办了《湘江评论》,他目光敏锐,文笔犀利,站在时代的潮头激浊扬清。
5.下列各句中,加线的成语使用正确的一句是( )
A.美国政府似乎认为,二战以后干涉别国内政屡遭失败的事实不足为训,仍然在世界上四处推行霸权主义强权政治。
B.如何在鳞次栉比的书架上选择优秀的读物,这是每一个热爱阅读的人必须面对的问题。
C.这篇论文不仅高屋建瓴,具有理论的高度,而且以翔实、丰富的实例材料显示了其联系现实的广度。
D.王家姊妹俩人品好,长得又漂亮,一个是泼辣热情,一个是温柔恬静,可谓各得其所,人见人夸。
6.下列各句中加点的成语,使用不恰当的一项是
A.紫砂杯具自古以来就为茶器之首,其丰厚的文化底蕴与保健功效,为现代工业化生产的玻璃、塑料杯具望尘莫及。
B.何先生西洋油画的功底非常深厚,对中 国画 的春秋笔法也十分熟稔,寥寥几笔,一个鲜活的形象便跃然纸上。
C.经过了这几个月的集训,国家足球队的技战术水平是否能有较大提高,精神面貌是否能有明显改变,广大球迷正拭目以待。
D.入围本届柏林**节竞赛单元的两部中国影片,《三枪拍案惊奇》令人遗憾地铩羽而归,《团圆》则获得了最佳编剧银熊奖。
7.下列 句子 中加点的熟语使用恰当的一项是( )
A.据经营者透露,近年来新兴的书吧,以其丰富的藏书和优雅的音乐、良好的服务吸引了越来越多的消费者慷慨解囊。
B.王家岭煤矿透水事故,再次暴露了 安全生产 责任落实不到位、安全管理不严格等问题,人们对这场本不该发生的事件痛心疾首。
C.普通专科 毕业 生论学历不如本科毕业生,论技能不如高职毕业生,高不成低不就的身份是其就业前景不容乐观的主要原因。
D.在一次新生欢迎仪式上,校长发表了热情洋溢的讲话,他说:?七月流火,天气虽然炎热,但充满热情的岂止是天气?
8.下列各句中,画线成语使用恰当的一句是( )
A.厂长动情地说:?为了扭转目前的不利局面,我们将采用一种新的对策,希望大家共同努力,功败垂成,在此一举!?
B.有些同志对于自己出现的一些小的错误总是不以为然,认为这是十个指头中的一个指头,无关大局。
C.进入高中阶段,我们必须正确地看待自己,特别是成绩不理想的同学,不能过分的妄自菲薄,要有克服困难的信心和勇气。
D. 世界文学的辉煌殿堂对每一位有志者都敞开着,谁也不必对它 收藏 之丰富望洋兴叹,因为问题不在于数量。
9.下列各句中,画线的成语使用不恰当的一项是(3分) ( )
A.日本大地震后福岛核电站发生爆炸,坊间传言核辐射会污染海水,海水盐也会受到核辐射污染,于是人们杯弓蛇影,我国许多地方发生了疯狂抢购碘盐的现象。
B.秘鲁作家马里奥?巴尔加斯?略萨创作的小说《城市与狗》《绿房子》《酒吧长谈》后来都成为脍炙人口的作品。实至名归,他于2010年荣获诺贝尔文学奖。
C.用冰雪盖出独一无二的冰雪旅馆,这只是遥远的北欧小镇巧妙运用资源创造出的一个具有世界级影响力的微型标本,它以具体而微的方式向我们揭示了近年来众多源自北欧诸国的品牌红透世界半边天的渊源。
D.抢抓机遇谋发展,各地干部普遍有一种计日以待的紧迫感,许多人用?五加二?白加黑?的连轴转来形容自己的工作状态。
10.下列各句中加点成语,使用错误的一句是( )
A.我很欣幸他的得释,就赶紧付给稿费,使他可以买一件夹衫,但一面有很为我的那两本书痛惜:落在捕房的手里,真是明珠投暗了。
B.唐人写绝句,五言才二十字,七言也仅二十八字,但是无不惨淡经营,反复推敲。
C.乔治桑在我们这个时代具有独一无二的地位。其他的伟人都是男子,唯独她是伟大的女性。
D.侦查人员认为,这两个案件表面看没什么牵扯,实际上却藕断丝连,应做认真分析。
答案
1.答案C解析C(惊世骇俗:意思是因言行异于寻常而使人震惊。)
2.答案B解析略
3.答案C解析C( A项不绝如缕:多用来形容局势危急或声音细微悠长。B项耸人听闻:故意说夸大或惊奇的话,使人震惊。应改为?骇人听闻?。D项安土重迁:意为留恋故土,不肯轻易地迁移,词义与句意相反。)
4.答案A
5.答案C解析C(不足为训:不能够当作典范和法则。鳞次栉比:一般用来形容建筑物排列多而密。各得其所:每一个人或事情都得到妥善安置,)
6.答案B
7.答案B解析B(A.?慷慨解囊?形容毫不吝啬地拿出钱来帮助别人。B.?痛心疾首?比喻痛恨到极点或悲痛,伤心到了极点,此处用其第二个意思,符合语境。C.?高不成低不就?高者无力得到,低者又不屑迁就,形容求职或婚姻上的两难处境。D.?七月流火?出自《诗经》,指天气转凉。
8.答案D解析D(望洋兴叹:本义指在伟大的事物面前感叹自己的渺小,今多比喻要做一件事而力量不够,感到无可奈何A功败垂成:事情在将要成功的时候遭到了失败。B不以为然:不认为是对的,应改为不以为意:不把它放在心上,表示不重视,不认真对待。C妄自菲薄:过分地看清自己。与过分重复。)
9.答案D解析D(D 计日以待:可以数着日子等待,形容为时不远。用于此处不当。A 杯弓蛇影:比喻疑神疑鬼,妄自惊慌。 B实至名归:有了真正的学识本领或业绩,相应的声誉自然随之而来。 C 具体而微:事物的内容大体上都具备,而规模、形状较小。)
10.答案D解析D(?藕断丝连?用于形容爱情表面断绝关系,实际还有牵连,用在此处不合语境。)
高考成语集锦
1.飞黄腾达:飞黄, 传说 中的神马;腾达,形容马的飞驰。比喻官职、地位提升得很快。不用于生活水平的提高。
2.飞扬跋扈:飞扬,放纵;跋扈,蛮横。多指蛮横放肆,目中无人。
3.非异人任:不能取义为一般人物就可担任,而是表示一种事应由自己来承担责任。
4.分庭抗礼:原指宾主相见,站在庭院的两边,相对行礼。现在用来比喻平起平坐,互相对立。
5.否极泰来:形容事物发展到极限,就会向对立面转化。
6.浮光掠影:浮光,水面上的反光;掠,轻轻擦过,闪过。水面的反光,一闪而过的影子。比喻观察不细致,学习不深入,印象不深刻。
7.俯仰之间:在头一低一抬的时间里。形容时间极短。
8.匪夷所思:匪,不是;夷,平常。原来指一般人想不到的人。后来指思想离奇。
9.防微杜渐:微,细小,指事物的苗头;杜,杜绝,堵塞;渐,事物的开端。在坏思想、坏事物刚冒头的时候就加以制止,不使其发展。
10.放浪形骸:放浪,放纵,不受拘束;形骸,形体。行动没有拘检。旧指不受世俗礼法的束缚。
11.沸反盈天:声音像烧开的水那样翻滚,充满空间。
12.付之一炬:给它一把火,指全部烧毁。也说付诸一炬。
13.纷至沓来:纷纷到来,连续不断地到来。
14.焚膏继晷(gui):形容夜以继日地用功读书或努力工作。晷:日影。
15.粉墨登场:化妆上台演戏。今多比喻登上政治舞台(含讥讽意)。
16.风餐露宿:形容行旅生活的艰苦。也作?风餐露宿?、?餐风露宿?。
17.风起云涌:大风起来,乌云涌现,雷电交加。比喻事物迅速发展,声势浩大。
18.高山景行:意思是品德像大山一样崇高的人,就会有人敬仰他;行为光明正大的人,就会有人效法他。
19.高山流水:有山有水的自然景色。比喻知音难得或乐曲高妙。
20.高山仰止:像仰望高山那样,对伟大的人物表示仰望和崇敬
21.高尚。高尚的品格,坚贞的节操。
22.风声鹤唳:形容自相惊扰或惊慌疑惧,常与?草木皆兵?连用。有人用?杀得风声鹤唳?来形容战斗激烈。是不对的。
23.风雨如晦:晦,夜晚,昏暗。又是刮风,又是下雨,天色昏暗得像夜晚一样。比喻动乱或黑暗的年代。
24.凤毛麟角:凤凰的毛、麒麟的角。比喻罕见而珍贵的人才或事物。
25.奉为圭臬:圭臬,比喻事物的准则。把某些事物、言论奉为准则。
26.改头换面:改换一副面孔。比喻形式变了而内容不变。贬义。
27.改弦更张:比喻改革制度或变更 方法 。
28.改弦易辙:比喻改变方法或态度。以上两词都不代替?改邪归正?。
29.甘极如饴:像饴糖似的甜美。比喻甘心情愿受苦或就死。
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