2017高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案解析

　高考英语单项选择题取消了，阅读理解题却还是屹立不倒。为了帮助大家复习，我整理了一些高考英语阅读理解，希望能帮到大家!

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　好的作品

　Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last. And good writers, like good cooks, do not suddenly appear full-blown. Quite the opposite, just as the cook has to undergo a particular training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style in his writing, whatever its purpose is?schoolwork, matters of business, or purely social communication.

　You may be sure that the more painstaking the effort, the more effective the writing, and the more rewarding.

　There are still some faraway places in the world where you might find a public scribe to do your business or social writing for you, for money. There are a few managers who are lucky enough to have the service of that rare kind of secretary who can take care of all sorts of letter writing with no more than a quick note to work from. But for most of us, if there is any writing to be done, we have to do it ourselves.

　We have to write school papers, business papers or home papers. We are constantly called on to put words to papers. It would be difficult to count the number of such words, messages, letters, and reports put into mails or delivered by hand, but the daily figures must be extremely large. What is more, everyone who writes expects, or at least hopes whatever he writes will be read, from first word to last, not just thrown into some ?letters-to-be-read? files or into a wastepaper basket. This is the reason we bend our efforts toward learning and practicing the skills of interesting, effective writing.

　1. In this passage, good writing is compared to fine food because _______.

　A. both are enjoyable B. both are hard to learn

　C. both are necessary to life D. both take a long time to prepare

　2. according to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

　A. Writing skills are less important than experience.

　B. A good writer should have his own way of writing.

　C. A good writer should learn to write all kinds of articles.

　D. The more efforts one makes, the more money one can earn.

　3. The author thinks that the most important reason for us to practice writing skills is _______.

　A. to earn our living B. to attract others to read

　C. to do daily reports easily D. to become good secretaries

　4. The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to _______.

　A. comment and blame B. introduce and describe

　C. explain and persuade D. interest and inform

　答案与解析本文阐述要使文章有可读性，必须下苦功夫学习和训练写作技巧。

　1. A。推断题。根据文章第一句Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last 可推出好的作品和好的食物有共同点：令人愉快的，可享受的。故可推出答案为A。

　2. B。判断题。根据第1段the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style in his writing可推出答案为B。?一个好作家应该有自己的写作风格。?

　3. B。推断题。根据最后一段What is more, everyone who writes expects, or at least hopes whatever he writes will be read, from first word to last?可推知吸引别人从头到尾把作品读下去是练习写作技巧的最重要的原因，因此答案为B。

　4. C推断题。根据最后一段最后一句This is the reason we bend our efforts toward learning and practicing the skills of interesting, effective writing可推断答案为C。

　致父信

　Sarah Williams went to a boarding school. Here is one of the letters she wrote to her parents from the school:

　Wentworth Girls? school

　Beachside

　July 20th

　Dearest Mom and Dad,

　I? m afraid I have some very bad news for you. I have been very naughty and the school principal is very angry with me. She is going to write to you. You must come and take me away from here. She does not want me in the school any longer.

　The trouble started last night when I was smoking in bed. This is against the rules, of course. We are not supposed to smoke at all.

　As I was smoking, I heard footsteps coming towards the room. I did not want a teacher to catch me smoking, so I threw the cigarette away.

　Unfortunately, the cigarette fell into the waste-paper bas?ket, which caught fire.

　There was a curtain near the waste-paper basket which caught fire, too. Soon the whole room was burning.

　The principal phoned for the fire department. The ?school is a long way from the town and by the time the fire depart?ment arrived, the whole school was in flames. Many of the girls are in the hospital.

　The principal says that the fire was all my fault and you must pay for the damage. She will send you a bill for about a million dollars.

　I?m very sorry about this.

　Much love,

　Sarah

　P. S. None of the above is true, but I have failed my ex?ams. I just want you to know how bad things could have been!

　1. Why did Sarah write home?

　A. To tell her parents about the fire.

　B. To ask for a lot of money.

　C. To tell her parents she had failed her exams.

　D. To tell her parents she had to leave school.

　2. Why did Sarah tell her parents the story about the fire?

　A. She wanted to worry them.

　B. She wanted to make them laugh.

　C. She wanted to make them less angry at the real news.

　D. She wanted to warn them about what the principal was going to do.

　3. The letter before the P. S. was ________.

　A. mostly true B. partly true

　C. all true D. completely untrue

　4. Sarah said the principal was angry because ________.

　A. she had failed her exams

　B. it was her fault that had caused the fire

　C. he had not made the phone call in time

　D. she had been caught smokimg in bed

　答案与简析：介绍了Sarah Williams从学校给父母亲所写的一封信。

　1. C 推断题。选项B在文章中没有涉及，因此排除;根据信后的附言：None of the above is true，but l have failed my exams可知选项A、D都不真实。

　2. C 推测题。根据文章中附言的最后一句可知。

　3. D 细节题。根据信后的.附言None of the above is true可知。

　4. B 细节题。在信的正文根本没有涉及有关考试之事，排除A;根据信的最后两段，校长并没有责备她未及时打电话，排除C;信的第三段so I threw the cigarette away说明她没有被抓着在吸烟，排除D。

　自然灾害

　Parts of Africa are covered by a dark cloud. But this is no rain cloud. It is a living cloud made of billions of locusts (蝗虫) that are traveling across the continent eating everything in their path.

　And now in the battle to stop this disaster, a radio station in Senegal, West Africa, is offering listeners 50 kilograms of rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilograms of locusts. ?We think this idea will get more people to take part in the war on the locusts,? said Abdoulaye Ba, from Sud-Fm, a radio station in one of Senegal?s worst affected area.

　This is West Africa?s biggest locust disaster in 15 years, and it is moving east, causing huge damage to crops. As they move they produce young and increase their number and will soon threaten (威胁) Sudan in the northeast of Africa. Some say it could reach Asia.

　Experts say the harmful effect on crops in areas already suf?fering from food shortage and war could cause many people to go hungry. Governments in the areas are not well equipped to fight the pest.

　Although leaders of 12 countries have agreed on a plan, it is not expected to be enough. ?We are now treating 6,000 hectares (公顷) per day with pesticide (杀虫剂), but we need to treat 20,000 hectares per day in order to have any hope of controlling this disaster,? said Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah, director of locust control in Mauritania.

　Requests are being made for international aid, which is the only way to limit the disaster, the UN?s Food and Agricul?ture Organization warned.

　1. By using ?dark cloud? to describe locusts in the first para?graph, the author of the article ________.

　A. showed the size and speed of the mass of locusts

　B. suggested the great damage that locusts can cause

　C. warned that locusts would sweep the continent like rain clouds

　D. both A and B

　2. The story is mainly about ________.

　A. West Africa?s united effort in fighting a disaster

　B. the difficulty in controlling locusts

　C. how locusts caused great damage to West Africa

　D. a struggle to fight against a disaster brought by locusts in West Africa

　3. The locust disaster ________.

　A. would be even more serious in Asia

　B. is(was)out of control

　C. affected only the warning areas

　D. can not be stopped unless twice as much pesticide is provided for the affected areas

　4. Which of the following is WRONG?

　A. Sud-Fm offered a reward for fighting locusts so that more people would join in the effort.

　B. Senegal is to the southwest of Sudan.

　C. The locusts can cause such damage mainly because it has no natural enemy in West Africa.

　D. 12 countries affected by locusts have united but still lack pesticide.

　答案与解析：本文主要叙述了在非洲所发生的一次蝗灾害。

　1. D 细节题。由第一段中的traveling across the continent eating everything in their path可知作者想表明蝗灾发生的规模和所造成的灾害。

　2. D 主旨题。由每段首句和末段可知。

　3. B 推论题。根据第三段和第四段的意思可推知。

　4. C 细节题。文章中没有被提到C项内容，所以错了。由文第二段可知A对;由?于蝗灾发生在West Africa，然后向northwest of Africa发展，而Sudan正在这一个方向，所以B对;由第五段可知D也对。

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高考英语阅读理解训练附答案

Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician NorbertWiener, who founded the field of cybernetics, put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we can not effectively interfere, we had better be quite sure that the purpose which we really desire.”

好莱坞的理论认为有着邪恶头脑的机器会成为杀手机器人大军，这太愚蠢了。这一可能性的真正问题在于，AI（人工智能）可能会变得非常擅长于实现某些东西，不仅是我们真正想要的。1960年，著名数学家诺伯特维纳创立了控制论领域, 提到：“如果我们为了达到我们的目的而使用一种我们无法有效干预其运作的机械装置，我们最好确定我们真正想要的目的。”

A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine can not achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chess board.

有特定目的的机器还有另一种特性，我们通常把它与生物联系在一起：希望保留自己的存在。对于机器来说，这种特性不是天生的，也不是由人类引入的；如果机器死了，就无法达到其原始目的，这就是这一简单事实的逻辑化结果。因此，如果我们给机器人发送一条取咖啡的简单指令，它就会有强烈的愿望，禁止关闭自己的开关，甚至杀死任何可能干扰其任务的人，来确保成功。如果我们不小心，那么，我们可能会面临一场全球象棋比赛，棋盘就是现实世界，对手是异常坚定，其目标与我们的目标冲突的超级智能机器。

The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrating the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.

参加并输掉这样一场比赛的可能性应该会引起计算机科学家的注意。一些研究人员认为，我们可以将这些机器密封在一种防火墙内，用它们解决困难的问题，但决不允许它们影响现实世界。不幸的是，这一计划似乎不太可能实现：我们还没有发明一种防火墙来保护普通人，更不用说超级智能机器了。

Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced nuclear chain reaction.

很好地解决安全问题以推动AI的发展似乎是可能的，但并不容易。几十年内为超级智能机器的到来做好计划是可能的，但这个问题不应该像一些AI研究人员所做的那样，随意被忽视。有些人认为，人和机器可以共存，只要他们在团队中工作，但这是不可能的，除非机器与人类的目标相同。也有人说我们可以“关掉它们”，好像超级智能机器很蠢，不会想到这种可能性。还有人认为超级智能AI永远不会发生。1933年9月11日，著名物理学家欧内斯特·卢瑟福满怀信心地说，“任何期望这些原子转化过程成为能量来源的人都在胡说八道。”然而，1933年9月12日，物理学家利奥·西拉德发明了中子诱导链式核反应。

2017高考英语阅读理解训练附答案

　2017高考英语改革后实行一年两考，可多次参加，我认为对自己有信心的.同学可以早点参加，取得理想的成绩后就可以把学习重心放到其他科目上。为了帮助大家备考，我整理了一些高考英语阅读理解，希望能帮到大家!

　history

　If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago，we should probably have to say that we could not remember But if we had kept a book and had written in it an account of what we did each day，we should be able to give an answer to the question.

　It is the same in history Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them Sometimes men did keep a record of the most important happenings in their country，but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war.Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to Write.For example，we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4，000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them.But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa. because they had not learned to write. Sometimes.of course，even if the people cannot write，they may know something of the past.They have heard about it from older people，and often songs and dances and stories have been made about the most important happenings，and these have been sung and acted and told for many generations For most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past.This we may call ?remembered history?.Some of it has now been written down. It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is，because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing.But where there are no written records，such spoken stories are often very helpful.

　41. Which of the following ideas is not suggested in the passage?

　A.?Remembered history?，compared with written history，is less reliable

　B.Written records of the past play the most important role in our learning of the human history.

　C.A written account of our daily activities helps US to be able to answer many questions.

　D.Where there are no written records.there is no history.

　42.We know very little about the central Africa 200 years ago because

　A.there was nothing worth being written down at that time

　B .the people there ignored the importance of keeping a record

　C.the written records were perhaps destroyed by a fire

　D.the people there did not know how to write

　43.?Remembered history?refers to

　A.history based on a person?s imagination

　B .stories of important happenings passed down from mouth to mouth

　C .songs and dances about the most important events

　D .both B and C

　44.?Remembered history?is regarded as valuable only when

　A. it is written down

　B .no written account is available

　C.it proves to be time

　D.people are interested in it

　45 .The passage suggests that we could have learned much more about our past than we do now if the ancient people had

　A.kept a written record of every past event

　B. not burnt their written records in wars

　C.told exact stories of the most important happenings

　D.made more songs and dances

　答案：DDDBA

　land produces

　Although the United States covers so much land and the land produces far more food than the present population needs，its people are by now almost entirely an urban society Less than a tenth of the people are engaged in agriculture and forestry(林业)，and most of the rest live in or around towns，small and large.Here the traditional picture is changing：every small town may still be very like other small towns，and the typical small town may represent a widely accepted view of the country，but most Americans do not live in small towns any more.Half the population now lives in some thirty metropolitan areas(1arge cities with their suburbs、of more than a million people each?a larger proportion than in Germany or England，let alone France.The statistics(统计)of urban and rural population should be treated with caution because so many people who live in areas classified as rural travel by car to work in a nearby town each day.As the rush to live out of town continues.rural areas within reach of towns are gradually filled with houses，so that it is hard to say at what moment a piece of country becomes a suburb But more and more the typical American lives in a metropolitan rather than a small town environment.

　36.If now America has 250 million people.how many of them are engaged in agriculture and forestry?

　A.About 25 million.

　B.More than 25 million.

　C.Less than 25 million.

　D. Less than 225 million

　37.Which of the following four countries has the smallest proportion of people living in metropolitan areas?

　A.United States.

　B.Germany.

　C.France.

　D.England.

　38.What?s the meaning of the word?metropolitan?in the middle of the passage?

　A .Of a large city with its suburbs.

　B.Of small and large towns.

　C.Of urban areas.

　D.Of rural areas.

　39.According to the passage，what can we learn about small towns in the United States?

　A Most small towns become gradually crowded

　B.Small towns are still similar to each other.

　C.As the traditional picture is changing，towns are different.

　D .Small towns are turning into large cities

　40.Why is it hard to say when a piece of country becomes a suburb?

　A.Because they are the same.

　B.Because the rush takes place too quickly

　C.Because the process is gradual.

　D.Because more and more Americans live in metropolitan

　答案：CCABC

　president

　There are stories about two U.S . presidents，Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren，which attempt to explain the American English term OK.We don?t know if either story is true，but they are both interesting. The first explanation is based on the fact that President Jackson had very little education.In fact，he had difficulty reading and writing.When important papers came to Jackson，he tried to read them and then had his assistants explain what they said.If he approved of a paper.he would write?all correct?on it.The problem was that he didn?t know how to spell.So what he really wrote was?ol korekt?.After a while，he shortened that term to?OK?.

　The second explanation is based on the place where President Van Buren was born，Kinderhook，New York.Van Bnren?s friends organized a club to help him become President They caned the club the Old Kinderhook Club，and anyone who supported Van Buren was called?OK?.

　31.The author

　A. believes both of the stories

　B.doesn?t believe a word of the stories

　C is not sure whether the stories are true

　D. is telling the stories just for fun

　32. According to the passage，President Jackson

　A.couldn?t draw up any documents at all

　B. didn?t like to read important papers by himself

　C.often had his assistants sign documents for him

　D .wasn?t good at reading，writing or spelling

　33.According to the first story, the term ?OK?

　A. was approved of by President Jackson

　B.was the title of some Official documents

　C.was first used by President Jackson

　D.was an old way to spell?all correct?

　34 .According to the second story，the term?OK?

　A.was the short way to say?old Kinderhook Club?

　B.meant the place where President Van Buren was born

　C.was the name of Van Buren?s club

　D.was used to call Van Buren?s supporters in the election

　35.According to the second story.the term?OK?was first used

　A.by Van Buren

　B.in a presidential election

　C.to organize the Old Kinderhook Club

　D.by the members of the?Old Kinderhook Club?

　答案：CDCDB

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